UPSC Prelims 2020— Question 28

This question tests non-justiciability and state policy. The key concept is: Article 37 makes the Directive Principles non-justiciable: they are not enforceable by courts, but they are fundamental in governance and should guide the state in making laws and policies. Thus statements 2 and 3 are correct while statement 1 is false. The verified answer for the uploaded Set-B paper is option D. Option A — 1 only: This is not the correct option. The option does not match the verified combination or conclusion. The decisive point is the distinction explained above: Article 37 makes the Directive Principles non-justiciable: they are not enforceable by courts, but they are fundamental in governance and should guide the state in making laws and policies. Thus statements 2 and 3 are correct while statement 1 is false. Therefore this alternative should be eliminated even if part of its wording appears plausible in isolation. Option B — 2 only: This is not the correct option. The option does not match the verified combination or conclusion. The decisive point is the distinction explained above: Article 37 makes the Directive Principles non-justiciable: they are not enforceable by courts, but they are fundamental in governance and should guide the state in making laws and policies. Thus statements 2 and 3 are correct while statement 1 is false. Therefore this alternative should be eliminated even if part of its wording appears plausible in isolation. Option C — 1 and 3 only: This is not the correct option. The option does not match the verified combination or conclusion. The decisive point is the distinction explained above: Article 37 makes the Directive Principles non-justiciable: they are not enforceable by courts, but they are fundamental in governance and should guide the state in making laws and policies. Thus statements 2 and 3 are correct while statement 1 is false. Therefore this alternative should be eliminated even if part of its wording appears plausible in isolation. Option D — 2 and 3 only: This is the correct option. It matches the verified conclusion because Article 37 makes the Directive Principles non-justiciable: they are not enforceable by courts, but they are fundamental in governance and should guide the state in making laws and policies. Thus statements 2 and 3 are correct while statement 1 is false. The wording of the option is consistent with the governing concept tested by the question. For UPSC-style elimination, first identify the exact proposition being tested, then evaluate each statement independently before comparing the answer codes. Avoid treating a broad or absolute statement as correct merely because its general theme is familiar. The precise qualifiers in the question—such as 'all', 'only', 'cannot', 'largest', 'always' or a specific institutional role—often determine the answer. On that basis, option D is the verified answer.