UPSC Prelims 2024— Question 7

The correct answer is option (D). Venezuela has the world's largest proven crude-oil reserves, but it had not achieved the rapid recovery described in Statement-I or stopped large-scale emigration. The oil-reserve fact therefore does not make the first statement true. Statement-I is false and Statement-II is true. The key to this question is to distinguish the exact constitutional provision, factual association, scientific principle, or current-affairs detail being tested from statements that are partly true but incomplete or incorrectly framed. UPSC often makes the distractors plausible by changing one institutional role, date, classification, geographic association, or causal relationship. Option A — “Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I” is incorrect. It does not match the established fact or contains the incorrect combination, institution, relationship, classification, or proposition identified in the explanation above. Choosing it would therefore introduce a factual error or omit a necessary element. Option B — “Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I” is incorrect. It does not match the established fact or contains the incorrect combination, institution, relationship, classification, or proposition identified in the explanation above. Choosing it would therefore introduce a factual error or omit a necessary element. Option C — “Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect” is incorrect. It does not match the established fact or contains the incorrect combination, institution, relationship, classification, or proposition identified in the explanation above. Choosing it would therefore introduce a factual error or omit a necessary element. Option D — “Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct” is correct. It matches the established fact described above and gives the complete combination or identification required by the question. For examination purposes, the safest approach is to verify each statement independently before looking at the answer-code combination. This is particularly important in statement-based questions, because one false clause makes an entire combination wrong. In factual questions, compare the defining characteristic asked in the stem with each alternative rather than relying on superficial familiarity. The answer recorded here follows the verified Set C key used for this database.